System of ventilation



May 1, 1923.

1,453,357 J. E. JOLLEY SYSTEM OF' VENTILATION Filed Oct. 6, 1920Patented May 1, 1923.

`UNl'I'llD STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN ERNEST JOLLEY, OF STREFORD IJIANCI-IESTER, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TOWEST- INGHOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING COBIPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENN-SYLVANIA.

SYST EID/I OF VENTILATION.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOHN EnNns'r JoLLnY,

a subject of the King of Great Britain,

and a resident of Stretford -lllanchesteix in the county of Lancaster,England. have invented a new and useful Improvement in Systems ofVentilation, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to systems of ventilation andl it has particularrelation to apparatus for the ventilation of electrical and othermachines or apparatus in which a circulation of air into, and out of,the machine is provided for the purpose of cooling and Ventilating thesame.

In apparatus of the above indicated charactor, it has been heretoforecustomary, to

provide air passages or ducts exterior to the machine which communicatewith inlets and outlets to and from the machine and which alsocommunicate with the external atmosphere. Doors or shutters have beenpro` vided in the passages by the manipulation of which air may becaused to either circulate in a closed circuit through the machine, andcooled by passing through suitable cooling devices, or it may beadmitted from, and exhausted to, the atmosphere.

The object of my invention is to provide simple and effective means forselectively circulating air in a closed circuitor a free or opencircuit, as above set forth.

In the. accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a View, partly in elevation and partly in section,illustrating an embodiment of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a section on line II-II of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a view, partly in elevation and partly in section, showing amodified form of my invention.

Fig. 4 is a section on line IV-IV of Fig. 3.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, a dynamoelectric machine 1 is providedwith a een trally located air outlet port 2 and a plurality of air inletports 3 and L1, arranged at each end of the casing. The outlet port 2communicates with a downwardly extending air outlet passage 5 providedwith an opening 6 in one of the walls thereof. A plurality of superposedcooling devices 7 of any preferred type are removably disposed adjacentto the opening 6 and through which the -cooling medium passes from thepassage 5.

The cooling devices 7 may be conveniently formed of a number of tubesthrough'which water or other cooling liquid may be circulated.

A chamber 8, which will be hereinafter termed the vestibule, is locatedadjacent to the cooling devices 7 and communicates with a longitudinalpassage 9 leading to the external atmosphere. fit the sides of thevestibule 8 are transverse passages 10 and 11, preferably of diamondshape in cross-section, which establish communication between thevestibule 8 and the atmosphere and which may be covered by a network orgrating, if desired.

It will be understood that the passages may communicate with theatmosphere out` side of the building by means of a suitable air duct ortrunk, if desired.

rIhe air inlet ports 3 and 1, communicate with downwardly extending`passages 12 and 13, respectively, which communicate "with the vestibule8 through ports or openings 1Ll and 15 arranged at the top and bottomthereof. The lateral passages 10 and 11 are provided with oppositelydisposed interior diamond-shaped ports 16 which communicate with thevestibule 8 and which may also be covered with a grating or netting, ifdesired.

Doors or baiiles 17 and 18 are horizontally pivoted within the vestibule8, the axes of the pivots being located at the upper and lower apices ofthe diamond-shaped ports 1G. The doors 17 and 18 are so arranged thatthey may be moved to a position in vwhich the vestibule 8 is incommunication with the air inlet passages 12 and 13 through the top andbottom ports 14 and 15 respectively, and closed with respect to thelateral passages 10 and 11. This position is indicated in full lines inFig. 1 of the drawing. n

The doors 17 and 18, may be moved into the position shown in dottedlines in the drawings, in which position communication is establishedbetween the passage 9 and the passages 12 and 13, but closed withrespect to the lateral passages 10 and 11.

It will be apparent that, in the first mentioned position of the doors,a closed air ciricuit may be caused through the machine as indicated bythe arrows, whereas. in the se ond position, the air passes from thelongilll) tudinal passage 9 into the inlet passages 12 and 13 to theinlet ports and 11 and, after its exit from the machine, passes from thevestibule 8 through the diamond-shaped openings 1() and 11., to theatmosphere.

Referring now to Figs. 3 and 1. the air inlet and. outlet ports, andpass Yes are arranged substantially .in the same manner as in theapparatus illustrated in 1 and 2 of the drawings, with the exceptionthat the lateral passages 19 and 11, are rectangular in cross-section.The top and bottom ot the vestil'iule 8 are provided with diamondshapedports 19 and 2() so arranged that one diagonal of the diamond coincideswith the longitudinal center line ot the apparatus while the otherdiagonal coincides with the line connecting the junction oi thelongitudinal passage 9 with the lateral passages 10 and 11. In thisarrangement, the vestibule 8 communicates directly with the lateralpassages 10 and 11 through openings 21 and 22.

Doors 23 and 24.- are vertically7 pivotally mounted at the junctions ofthe passage 9 with the passages 10 and 11. 1n the position of the doors23 and 21, indicated in full lines in Fig. 3 of the drawings, thevestibule S communicates with the inlet passages 12 and 13 through thediamond-shaped ogenings 19 and 20, respectively, and closed to thelongitudinal passage 9. In the position ot the doors 23 and 24,indicated by the dotted lines in the drawings, the vestibule S cut offfrom the openings 19 and 20 and the inlet channels 12 and 13 are incommunication with the said openings and also with the longitudinalpassage 9.

Communication between the vestibule S and the lateral passages 10 and 11is controlled by doors 25 and 2G which are operatively connected to thedoors 23 and 21 tor simultaneous movement. The doors are so arrangedthat when the ports 21 and 22 between the vestibule S and the lateralpassages 10 and 11 are closed, communication is thereby establishedbetween the vestibule 8 and the air inlet passages 12 and 13. the doors23 and 24 closing the passage 9. This position being shown in tull linesin the drawings.

In the position shown in dottedlines, the doors 23 and 24 and the doors25 and 2G will cause communication to be established between thevestibule 8 and the lateral passages 10 and 11.

In the arrangement shown in the. drawing, comparatively narrow verticalpartitions or beams 27 and 28, which are respectively provided in frontof the cooling devices 7 and in the longitudinal passage 9 are adaptedto be engaged by the-,doors 23 and 24 to arrest or limit the movementthereof.

The air circuit, when the vestibule is open to the air channels, isshown by the arrows in Fig. The air will pass .trom the machine throughthe outlet 2, passage 5 and air cooling devices 7 into the vestibule 8.The current then divides into two separate cur rents, one ot whichpasses vertically through the opening 19 and passage 12 and into themachine through the port 3. The other cui'- rent passes downwardlythrough the opening 2() into the passage 13 and thence upwardlytherethrough into the port 4 of the machine.

Then the doors occupy the position shown in dotted lines in thedrawings, the air passes trom the atmosphere through the longitudinalpassage 9 and thence through the diamond-sliaped openings 19 and 2()into the passages 12 and 13. The air issuing from the machine, passes`from the air outlet passage 5 into the vestibule 8 and thence throughthe ports 21 and 22 into the lateral passages 19 and 11 and thence tothe atmosphere.

In the foregoing description, air is described as entering the machineto be ventilated through inlets 3 and it and issuing through an outlet2. It is obvious` however, that the same arrangements may be employedwith a circulation of air in the opposite direction by whicharrangen'ient the outlet passage becomes the inlet passage and the inletpassages are employed as outlets.

I claim as my invention:

1. A cooling system for an electrical apparatus comprising a casing, aplurality of passages communicating therewith through which air isadapted to be circulated, a cooling device disposed in the path ot' theair circulated through said passages and means 'tor selectivelyincluding said cooling device in a closed circulation of air throughsaid casing and for preventing the air passing through said coolingdevice from circulating through said casing.

2. A cooling system for an electrical apparatus comprising a casing, aplurality of passages communicating therewith through which air isadapted to be circulated, a cooling device disposed in the path of theair circulated through said passages and means for selectively includingsaid cooling device in the path of the air entering and issuing fromsaid casing to effect a closed circulation of air and for preventing theair entering said casing from passing thruogh said cooling device.

3. A cooling system vfor an electrical apparatus comprising a casing` aplurality of passages communicating therewith through which air isadapted to be circulated, a cooling device disposed in the path of theair circulating through said passages and means for selectively causinga closed circulation of air through said cooling device and said casing,and an open circulatioii of air therethrough in which the air contactingwith said cooling device is prevented from again entering said casing bydischarging the same to the outside atmosphere.

4. A cooling system for an electrical apparatus comprising a casinglhaving an inlet opening adjacent to each end thereof and an intermediateair outlet opening, an air chamber, a plurality of air passagesestablishing communication between said chamber and each of saidopenings, a passage communicating said chamber and the outsideatmosphere, a cooling device disposed in said chamber, and means forselectively eii'ecting a closed circulation or" air through said casingand said cooling device and an open circulation of air in which the aircontacting with said cooling device is prevented from returning to saidcasing and exhausted to the outside atmosphere.

5. A cooling system for an electrical apparatus comprising a casing, aplurality of passages communicating` therewith through which air isadapted to be circulated, a cooling device disposed in the path of theair circulated through said passages and a plurality of cio-actingbaffle plates for selectively including said cooling device in closedcirculation of air through said casing and for preventing the airpassing through said cooling device from circulating through saidcasing.

G. A cooling system 'for an electrical apparatus comprising a casing, aplurality of passages communicating therewith through which air isadapted to be circulated, a cooling device disposed in the path of theair circulated through said passages and a plurality of co-acting baliieplates for selectively including said cooling device in the path of theair entering and issuing from saidI casing to effect a closedcirculation of air and for preventing the air entering said casing frompassing through said cooling device.

7. A cooling system for an electrical apparatus comprising a casing, aplurality of passages communicating therewith through which air isadapted to be circulated, a cooling device disposed in the path of theair circulating through said passages and a plurality of co-actingbaliie plates tor selectively causing a closed circulation of airthrough said cooling device and said casing, and an open circulation ofair therethrough in which the air contacting with said cooling device isprevented trom again entering said casing by discharging the same to theoutside atmosphere.

S. A cooling system ior an electrical apparatus comprising a casinghaving an inlet opening adjacent to each end thereof and an intermediateair outlet opening, an air chamber, a plurality ot air passagesestablishing communication between said chamber and each of saidopenings, a passage communicating said chamber and the outsideatmosphere, a cooling device. disposed in said chamber, and a pluralityoi' coi-acting baille plates for selectively effecting a closedcirculation of air through said casing and said cooling device and anopen circulation of air in which the air contacting with said coolingdevice is prevented from returning to said casing and-exhausted totheoutside atmosphere.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this tenth dayot' September, 1920.

JOHN ERNEST J OLLEY.

Cil

